Europe · country profile
Data centres and AI in Luxembourg, ranked against Europe and the US
Luxembourg ranks 5th of 28 European countries for highest share of businesses using AI (33.6%, 2025); its weakest is 14th of 16 for most GPU-cluster compute (252 H100e, 2025-07). Its data centres reported 52 MW of IT capacity to the EU for 2025 (9 of an estimated 14 sites). It hosts 1 EU AI Factory. Sources: Eurostat, Ember, EuroHPC, TOP500, Epoch AI; data as of 2026-10-12.
Updated 12 October 2026 · data build 2026-10-10 · how we know · corrections
Where Luxembourg ranks among 31 European countries
Rank 1 = best on the measure's own terms (cheapest, lowest carbon, highest share, most). Each rank is among the European countries with a figure, so the "of" number differs. Luxembourg is an EU member. Measured
No figure for Luxembourg on: Big-user electricity price; Data centres' share of electricity.
Download CSV ↓Source: Ember European wholesale prices (via StackPath eu_power_prices) · Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0) · Eurostat isoc_eb_ai · Eurostat isoc_ai_iaiu · TOP500, June 2026 list (via eu_compute) · Epoch AI GPU clusters (CC BY 4.0, via global_context) · EuroHPC JU (via eu_ai_factories) · Eurostat Comext DS-045409 · EU EED data-centre dashboard (via eu_dc_capacity) · as of 2026-10-12 · Compiled by StackPath
Luxembourg against the EU-27 average and the US
Same measure, same source family, nearest year. A dash means no comparable figure, not zero. Measured
| Measure | Luxembourg | EU-27 | US | Ireland |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big-user electricity price | no figure | €0.110/kWh H2 2025 | €0.076/kWh 2025 | €0.165/kWh H1 2026 |
| Grid carbon intensity | 118 g/kWh 202544% below EU | 211 g/kWh 2025 | 384 g/kWh 2025 | 263 g/kWh 2025 |
| Clean power share | 91.5% 2025+20.5 pts vs EU | 71% 2025 | 43% 2025 | 47.7% 2025 |
| Data centres' share of electricity | no figure | 3% 2024 | 4.4% 2023 | 23.2% 2025 |
| Businesses using AI | 33.6% 2025+13.7 pts vs EU | 19.9% 2025 | – | 19.6% 2025 |
| People using generative AI | 42.5% 2025+9.8 pts vs EU | 32.7% 2025 | – | 44.9% 2025 |
| Electricity use per person | 9.5 MWh 20251.5× EU | 6.2 MWh 2025 | 13.3 MWh 2025 | 6.8 MWh 2025 |
| Supercomputing per million people | 15.3 PF 2026/061.5× EU | 10.2 PF 2026/06 | 20.6 PF 2026/06 | 1.2 PF 2026/06 |
| GPU compute per million people | 367 H100e 2025-072.1× EU | 177 H100e 2025-07 | 3,660 H100e 2025-07 | – |
Source: Eurostat nrg_pc_205, isoc_eb_ai, isoc_ai_iaiu · Ember · EIA via eu_power_prices · LBNL via US DOE (US data-centre share) · Ember Grids for data centres (Europe share) · TOP500 · Epoch AI GPU clusters · World Bank population · as of 2026-10-12 · Compiled by StackPath
Our reading. Per person, Luxembourg has 10% of the US level of GPU-cluster compute in Epoch AI's database and 74% of the US level of TOP500 supercomputing power. Epoch's database covers only part of the world's AI compute, and private clusters are under-recorded everywhere, and per-person figures swing widely for a country of 687 thousand people. Estimate
Power: 92% clean generation, no Eurostat big-user price
Generation mix in 2025 (Ember); Eurostat publishes no big-user price for Luxembourg. Measured
Share of generation by source, 2025. Darker bars are fossil. Demand 6.5 TWh; generation 1.6 TWh; net imports 4.9 TWh. Carbon intensity 118 gCO2e/kWh (EU-27: 211; US: 384).
Wholesale power averaged €104/MWh over 2025-10 to 2026-09 (13th cheapest of 27).
Source: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0) · Ember wholesale prices via eu_power_prices · Compiled by StackPath
Data centres: 52 MW of IT capacity reported to the EU
Electricity share, capacity reported under the EU Energy Efficiency Directive (EED, the EU's data-centre reporting law), grid requests, restrictions and energy rules. Reported
- Reported to the EU (EED): 52 MW of IT capacity at 9 sites for 2025, of an estimated 14 sites that should report; average PUE (power usage effectiveness: total power ÷ IT power) 1.32. Coverage is partial, so this is a floor.
On top of national rules, 7 EU-level rules apply to data centres in every member state (EED reporting, the rating scheme and heat-reuse rules).
Source: EU EED data-centre dashboard · Compiled by StackPath
Cloud in Luxembourg: sovereign offers and neoclouds
Hyperscaler pledges (a pledge is not a building), sovereign-cloud offers by jurisdiction, and neocloud (GPU cloud) sites. Reported
Sovereign-cloud offers under Luxembourg's jurisdiction (1)
- Clarence (Google Cloud Dedicated partner, Belgium/Luxembourg) · European provider · announced
Neoclouds headquartered here: Gcore.
Source: StackPath eu_pledges (company announcements) · StackPath sovereign_cloud · StackPath eu_neoclouds (filings, company releases) · Compiled by StackPath
Compute: 1 EU AI Factory, 10.5 PF on the TOP500
Public AI Factories (EuroHPC), gigafactory bids, the TOP500 supercomputer list and Epoch AI's database of GPU clusters (in H100-equivalents: compute expressed as a number of Nvidia H100 chips). Measured
- EuroHPC role: AI Factory host.
- TOP500 (2026/06): 1 system, 10.5 PF combined (0.06% of the list).
- GPU clusters (Epoch AI): 252 H100e, 0.02% of the world total in Epoch's database (clusters operational by 2025-07). The US holds 1,251,044 H100e in the same data. Estimate
| AI Factory | City | GPUs | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| L-AI Factory (Luxembourg AI Factory) | Bissen and Bettembourg | 1,008 | contracted |
Source: EuroHPC JU via eu_ai_factories · TOP500 June 2026 · Epoch AI (CC BY 4.0) · StackPath eu_compute (announced clusters) · Compiled by StackPath
AI use: 43% of people used generative AI in 2025 (EU: 33%)
Eurostat's surveys of businesses (10+ employees, any AI technology) and of people aged 16–74 (generative AI tools in the last three months), plus AI labs headquartered here. Measured
Share of businesses with 10 or more employees using at least one AI technology (Eurostat isoc_eb_ai; survey years only). Luxembourg: 33.6% in 2025, 5th of 28.
Share of people aged 16–74 who used generative AI tools in the three months before the 2025 survey. There is no comparable official US series.
Source: Eurostat isoc_eb_ai · Eurostat isoc_ai_iaiu · StackPath eu_ai_labs (Epoch AI, company releases) · Compiled by StackPath
Servers: 0% of the EU's server imports from outside the EU land in Luxembourg
Customs flows (Eurostat Comext), not machines installed: ports of entry such as the Netherlands count goods that move on. Measured
- Servers (HS 847150) from outside the EU, 2025-08 to 2026-07: €9.9m, 20th of 27 member states.
- All compute kit (servers, parts, network gear, chips) from outside the EU, last 12 months: €38m (0% of the EU total, rank 24); servers up 1,362% on the previous 12 months.
Source: Eurostat Comext DS-045409 · StackPath eu_hardware_imports · Compiled by StackPath
What our data does not show for Luxembourg
Gaps, not zeros: a missing row means no public figure we could check, or that the series does not cover this country.
- No official or estimated figure for data centres' share of electricity.
- No published data-centre grid-queue figure.
- No current hyperscaler investment pledge in our tracker.
- No Chips Act fab or pilot line in our ledger.
- No AI lab or AI-chip startup in our European tables.
Deeper pages and other countries
Each layer has its own page with the full European table.
- The country scorecard (18 largest markets)
- Electricity prices for data centres
- Data-centre capacity and electricity use
- Data-centre grid queues
- Restrictions and moratoriums
- Data-centre energy rules
- Hyperscaler pledges vs builds
- Sovereign cloud
- Neoclouds
- EU AI Factories and gigafactories
- AI compute in Europe
- Chips Act fabs
- AI chip startups
- European AI labs
- Server imports
- The global AI compute race
All 31 country profiles
Our reading. Against Ireland, Luxembourg has no comparable Eurostat big-user price and runs a cleaner grid (118 vs 263 gCO2e/kWh). Where data centres and AI compute go also depends on grid access, land, fibre, tax and customers, which these measures do not capture. Our reading
Questions people ask
- How much do large electricity users pay in Luxembourg?
- Eurostat publishes no big-user electricity price for Luxembourg, so it is not ranked on price.
- How much electricity do data centres use in Luxembourg?
- Luxembourg publishes no national total. Its data centres reported 52 MW of IT capacity to the EU's database for 2025 (9 of an estimated 14 sites), a floor rather than a total.
- Does Luxembourg host an EU AI Factory?
- Yes: L-AI Factory (Luxembourg AI Factory) (EuroHPC JU selections, Dec 2024 to Oct 2025).
- How many people and businesses in Luxembourg use AI?
- 42.5% of people aged 16–74 used generative AI tools in the three months before the 2025 survey (EU-27: 32.7%). 33.6% of businesses with 10 or more employees used at least one AI technology in 2025 (EU-27: 19.9%). Source: Eurostat.
- How does Luxembourg compare with Ireland?
- Big-user power: no figure vs Ireland's €0.165/kWh; grid carbon: 118 vs 263 gCO2e/kWh; data centres' share of electricity: no figure vs 23.2%; people using generative AI: 42.5% vs 44.9%.