Europe · country profile
Data centres and AI in Romania, ranked against Europe and the US
Romania's best rank is 20th of 31 European countries, for highest clean-power share (67.6%, 2025); its weakest is 28th of 28 for highest share of businesses using AI (5.2%, 2025). It publishes no data-centre electricity figure that we could find. It hosts 1 EU AI Factory. Sources: Eurostat, Ember, EuroHPC, TOP500, Epoch AI; data as of 2026-10-12.
Updated 12 October 2026 · data build 2026-10-10 · how we know · corrections
Where Romania ranks among 31 European countries
Rank 1 = best on the measure's own terms (cheapest, lowest carbon, highest share, most). Each rank is among the European countries with a figure, so the "of" number differs. Romania is an EU member. Measured
No figure for Romania on: Data centres' share of electricity; TOP500 supercomputing power; GPU-cluster compute (Epoch AI).
Download CSV ↓Source: Eurostat nrg_pc_205 · Ember European wholesale prices (via StackPath eu_power_prices) · Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0) · Eurostat isoc_eb_ai · Eurostat isoc_ai_iaiu · EuroHPC JU (via eu_ai_factories) · Eurostat Comext DS-045409 · as of 2026-10-12 · Compiled by StackPath
Romania against the EU-27 average and the US
Same measure, same source family, nearest year. A dash means no comparable figure, not zero. Measured
| Measure | Romania | EU-27 | US | Ireland |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big-user electricity price | €0.130/kWh H1 20261.2× EU | €0.110/kWh H2 2025 | €0.076/kWh 2025 | €0.165/kWh H1 2026 |
| Grid carbon intensity | 259 g/kWh 20251.2× EU | 211 g/kWh 2025 | 384 g/kWh 2025 | 263 g/kWh 2025 |
| Clean power share | 67.6% 2025−3.4 pts vs EU | 71% 2025 | 43% 2025 | 47.7% 2025 |
| Data centres' share of electricity | no figure | 3% 2024 | 4.4% 2023 | 23.2% 2025 |
| Businesses using AI | 5.2% 2025−14.7 pts vs EU | 19.9% 2025 | – | 19.6% 2025 |
| People using generative AI | 17.8% 2025−14.9 pts vs EU | 32.7% 2025 | – | 44.9% 2025 |
| Electricity use per person | 2.8 MWh 202554% below EU | 6.2 MWh 2025 | 13.3 MWh 2025 | 6.8 MWh 2025 |
| Supercomputing per million people | no figure | 10.2 PF 2026/06 | 20.6 PF 2026/06 | 1.2 PF 2026/06 |
| GPU compute per million people | no figure | 177 H100e 2025-07 | 3,660 H100e 2025-07 | – |
Source: Eurostat nrg_pc_205, isoc_eb_ai, isoc_ai_iaiu · Ember · EIA via eu_power_prices · LBNL via US DOE (US data-centre share) · Ember Grids for data centres (Europe share) · TOP500 · Epoch AI GPU clusters · World Bank population · as of 2026-10-12 · Compiled by StackPath
Power: 68% clean generation, €0.130/kWh for the largest users
Generation mix in 2025 (Ember); big-user prices exclude VAT (Eurostat band IG, 150 GWh a year or more). Measured
Share of generation by source, 2025. Darker bars are fossil. Demand 53.6 TWh; generation 49.9 TWh; net imports 3.7 TWh. Carbon intensity 259 gCO2e/kWh (EU-27: 211; US: 384).
Big-user electricity price, € per kWh excluding VAT, by half-year (band IG). The EU-27 average is published later than country figures.
Wholesale power averaged €125/MWh over 2025-10 to 2026-09 (23rd cheapest of 27). Taxes and levies (excluding VAT) were 7.5% of the big-user price in Eurostat's latest year-end comparison.
Source: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0) · Eurostat nrg_pc_205 · Ember wholesale prices via eu_power_prices · Compiled by StackPath
Compute: 1 EU AI Factory
Public AI Factories (EuroHPC), gigafactory bids, the TOP500 supercomputer list and Epoch AI's database of GPU clusters (in H100-equivalents: compute expressed as a number of Nvidia H100 chips). Measured
- EuroHPC role: AI Factory host.
- GPU clusters (Epoch AI): none recorded for Romania (Epoch's database is partial; absence means none recorded).
| AI Factory | City | GPUs | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| RO AI Factory | Bucharest | not stated | selected |
Source: EuroHPC JU via eu_ai_factories · TOP500 June 2026 · Epoch AI (CC BY 4.0) · StackPath eu_compute (announced clusters) · Compiled by StackPath
AI use: 18% of people used generative AI in 2025 (EU: 33%)
Eurostat's surveys of businesses (10+ employees, any AI technology) and of people aged 16–74 (generative AI tools in the last three months), plus AI labs headquartered here. Measured
Share of businesses with 10 or more employees using at least one AI technology (Eurostat isoc_eb_ai; survey years only). Romania: 5.2% in 2025, 28th of 28.
Share of people aged 16–74 who used generative AI tools in the three months before the 2025 survey. There is no comparable official US series.
Source: Eurostat isoc_eb_ai · Eurostat isoc_ai_iaiu · StackPath eu_ai_labs (Epoch AI, company releases) · Compiled by StackPath
Servers: 0.2% of the EU's server imports from outside the EU land in Romania
Customs flows (Eurostat Comext), not machines installed: ports of entry such as the Netherlands count goods that move on. Measured
- Servers (HS 847150) from outside the EU, 2025-08 to 2026-07: €52m, 14th of 27 member states.
- All compute kit (servers, parts, network gear, chips) from outside the EU, last 12 months: €490m (0.5% of the EU total, rank 14); servers up 46% on the previous 12 months.
Source: Eurostat Comext DS-045409 · StackPath eu_hardware_imports · Compiled by StackPath
What our data does not show for Romania
Gaps, not zeros: a missing row means no public figure we could check, or that the series does not cover this country.
- No official or estimated figure for data centres' share of electricity.
- No published data-centre grid-queue figure.
- No current hyperscaler investment pledge in our tracker.
- No Chips Act fab or pilot line in our ledger.
- No AI lab or AI-chip startup in our European tables.
Deeper pages and other countries
Each layer has its own page with the full European table.
- The country scorecard (18 largest markets)
- Electricity prices for data centres
- Data-centre capacity and electricity use
- Data-centre grid queues
- Restrictions and moratoriums
- Data-centre energy rules
- Hyperscaler pledges vs builds
- Sovereign cloud
- Neoclouds
- EU AI Factories and gigafactories
- AI compute in Europe
- Chips Act fabs
- AI chip startups
- European AI labs
- Server imports
- The global AI compute race
All 31 country profiles
Our reading. Against Ireland, Romania pays 21% less for big-user power and runs a cleaner grid (259 vs 263 gCO2e/kWh). Where data centres and AI compute go also depends on grid access, land, fibre, tax and customers, which these measures do not capture. Our reading
Questions people ask
- How much do large electricity users pay in Romania?
- Eurostat's average for users of 150 GWh or more a year in Romania was €0.130/kWh in H1 2026, excluding VAT: 17th cheapest of 26 European countries with a figure. The EU-27 average was €0.110 (H2 2025); US industrial users paid about €0.076 in 2025 (EIA, all industrial users).
- How much electricity do data centres use in Romania?
- We found no official or estimated figure for Romania. Europe as a whole: about 3% of electricity (Ember, 2024).
- Does Romania host an EU AI Factory?
- Yes: RO AI Factory (EuroHPC JU selections, Dec 2024 to Oct 2025).
- How many people and businesses in Romania use AI?
- 17.8% of people aged 16–74 used generative AI tools in the three months before the 2025 survey (EU-27: 32.7%). 5.2% of businesses with 10 or more employees used at least one AI technology in 2025 (EU-27: 19.9%). Source: Eurostat.
- How does Romania compare with Ireland?
- Big-user power: €0.130 vs Ireland's €0.165/kWh; grid carbon: 259 vs 263 gCO2e/kWh; data centres' share of electricity: no figure vs 23.2%; people using generative AI: 17.8% vs 44.9%.